N-gram token filteredit
Forms n-grams of specified lengths from a token.
For example, you can use the ngram token filter to change fox to
[ f, fo, o, ox, x ].
This filter uses Lucene’s NGramTokenFilter.
The ngram filter is similar to the
edge_ngram token filter. However, the
edge_ngram only outputs n-grams that start at the beginning of a token.
Exampleedit
The following analyze API request uses the ngram
filter to convert Quick fox to 1-character and 2-character n-grams:
GET _analyze
{
"tokenizer": "standard",
"filter": [ "ngram" ],
"text": "Quick fox"
}
The filter produces the following tokens:
[ Q, Qu, u, ui, i, ic, c, ck, k, f, fo, o, ox, x ]
Add to an analyzeredit
The following create index API request uses the ngram
filter to configure a new custom analyzer.
PUT ngram_example
{
"settings": {
"analysis": {
"analyzer": {
"standard_ngram": {
"tokenizer": "standard",
"filter": [ "ngram" ]
}
}
}
}
}
Configurable parametersedit
-
max_gram -
(Optional, integer)
Maximum length of characters in a gram. Defaults to
2. -
min_gram -
(Optional, integer)
Minimum length of characters in a gram. Defaults to
1.
You can use the index.max_ngram_diff index-level
setting to control the maximum allowed difference between the max_gram and
min_gram values.
Customizeedit
To customize the ngram filter, duplicate it to create the basis for a new
custom token filter. You can modify the filter using its configurable
parameters.
For example, the following request creates a custom ngram filter that forms
n-grams between 3-5 characters. The request also increases the
index.max_ngram_diff setting to 2.
PUT ngram_custom_example
{
"settings": {
"index": {
"max_ngram_diff": 2
},
"analysis": {
"analyzer": {
"default": {
"tokenizer": "whitespace",
"filter": [ "3_5_grams" ]
}
},
"filter": {
"3_5_grams": {
"type": "ngram",
"min_gram": 3,
"max_gram": 5
}
}
}
}
}