本地英文版地址: ../en/search-analyze.html
虽然你可以使用 Elasticsearch 作为文档存储器并检索文档及其元数据,但其真正的强大之处在于能够轻松地访问构建于 Apache Lucene 搜索引擎之上的整套搜索功能。
ElasticSearch 提供了一个简单、易于理解的 REST API,用于管理集群、索引和搜索数据。 出于测试目的,你可以直接从命令行或通过Kibana的开发人员控制台发送请求,这很简单。 对于应用程序,你可以使用你所使用的语言的 Elasticsearch 客户端:Java、JavaScript、Go、.NET、PHP、Perl、Python 或 Ruby。
搜索数据
Elasticsearch REST API支持结构化查询、全文查询以及二者皆有的复杂查询。
结构化查询类似于你可以在 SQL 中构造的查询类型。
比如,你可能会在索引employee
中搜索gender
和age
字段,并将匹配的结果按hire_date
字段排序。
全文搜索查找与查询字符串匹配的所有文档,并按相关性 - 文档与搜索词的匹配程度 - 排序。
除了搜索单个词之外,还可以执行短语(phrase)搜索、相似(similarity)搜索和前缀(prefix)搜索,以及获取自动完成(autocomplete)的建议。
想要搜索地理空间或其他数值数据? Elasticsearch 以优化的数据结构对非文本数据进行索引,支持高性能的地理和数值查询。
你可以使用 Elasticsearch 提供的功能全面的 JSON 风格的查询语言Query DSL来访问所有这些搜索功能。 你还可以构造SQL风格的查询来搜索和聚合数据, 这是 Elasticsearch 内部原生支持的;JDBC 和 ODBC 驱动程序允许广泛的第三方应用程序通过 SQL 与 Elasticsearch 进行交互。
分析数据
Elasticsearch 聚合使你能够构建复杂的数据摘要,并深入了解关键度量、模式和趋势。 不仅能“大海捞针”,聚合还能回答以下问题:
- 干草堆(也可以说"大海")里有多少根针?
- 针的平均长度是多少?
- 每个供应商的针的长度的中位数是多少?
- 在过去的六个月里,每个月有多少根针被加到干草堆里?
你还可以使用聚合来回答更微妙的问题,例如:
- 最受欢迎的针的制造商是哪几家?
- 有无异常或反常的针团?
因为聚合使用了与搜索相同的数据结构,所以它们也非常快。 这使你能够实时分析和可视化数据。 你的报表和仪表板会随着数据的变化而更新,这样你就可以根据最新的信息采取行动。
此外,聚合是与搜索请求一起运行的。 你可以在单个请求中对相同的数据同时搜索文档、过滤结果和执行分析。 因为 聚合是在特定搜索的上下文中计算出来的,所以不仅显示了所有70号大小的针的数量,还显示了符合用户搜索条件的70号大小的针的数量 —— 例如,所有70号大小的non-stick embroidery针。
等等,还有更多
想要自动分析 时间序列(time-series) 数据吗? 你可以使用机器学习(machine learning)功能在数据中创建正常行为的精确基线,并识别异常模式。 通过机器学习,可以检测到:
- 与数值、计数或频率的时间偏差有关的异常
- 统计稀有性
- 群体成员中的不寻常行为
最好的部分是什么? 你不必指定算法、模型或其他与数据科学相关的配置就可以做到这一点。
- Elasticsearch权威指南: 其他版本:
- Elasticsearch是什么?
- 7.7版本的新特性
- 开始使用Elasticsearch
- 安装和设置
- 升级Elasticsearch
- 搜索你的数据
- 查询领域特定语言(Query DSL)
- SQL access(暂时不翻译)
- Overview
- Getting Started with SQL
- Conventions and Terminology
- Security
- SQL REST API
- SQL Translate API
- SQL CLI
- SQL JDBC
- SQL ODBC
- SQL Client Applications
- SQL Language
- Functions and Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Logical Operators
- Math Operators
- Cast Operators
- LIKE and RLIKE Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Grouping Functions
- Date/Time and Interval Functions and Operators
- Full-Text Search Functions
- Mathematical Functions
- String Functions
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geo Functions
- Conditional Functions And Expressions
- System Functions
- Reserved keywords
- SQL Limitations
- 聚合
- 度量(metric)聚合
- 桶(bucket)聚合
- adjacency_matrix 聚合
- auto_date_histogram 聚合
- children 聚合
- composite 聚合
- date_histogram 聚合
- date_range 聚合
- diversified_sampler 聚合
- filter 聚合
- filters 聚合
- geo_distance 聚合
- geohash_grid 聚合
- geotile_grid 聚合
- global 聚合
- histogram 聚合
- ip_range 聚合
- missing 聚合
- nested 聚合
- parent 聚合
- range 聚合
- rare_terms 聚合
- reverse_nested 聚合
- sampler 聚合
- significant_terms 聚合
- significant_text 聚合
- terms 聚合
- 给范围字段分桶的微妙之处
- 管道(pipeline)聚合
- 矩阵(matrix)聚合
- 重度缓存的聚合
- 只返回聚合的结果
- 聚合元数据
- Returning the type of the aggregation
- 使用转换对聚合结果进行索引
- 脚本
- 映射
- 删除的映射类型
- 字段数据类型
- alias(别名)
- array(数组)
- binary(二进制)
- boolean(布尔)
- date(日期)
- date_nanos(日期纳秒)
- dense_vector(密集矢量)
- histogram(直方图)
- flattened(扁平)
- geo_point(地理坐标点)
- geo_shape(地理形状)
- IP
- join(联结)
- keyword(关键词)
- nested(嵌套)
- numeric(数值)
- object(对象)
- percolator(渗透器)
- range(范围)
- rank_feature(特征排名)
- rank_features(特征排名)
- search_as_you_type(输入即搜索)
- Sparse vector
- Text
- Token count
- Shape
- Constant keyword
- Meta-Fields
- Mapping parameters
- Dynamic Mapping
- Text analysis
- Overview
- Concepts
- Configure text analysis
- Built-in analyzer reference
- Tokenizer reference
- Char Group Tokenizer
- Classic Tokenizer
- Edge n-gram tokenizer
- Keyword Tokenizer
- Letter Tokenizer
- Lowercase Tokenizer
- N-gram tokenizer
- Path Hierarchy Tokenizer
- Path Hierarchy Tokenizer Examples
- Pattern Tokenizer
- Simple Pattern Tokenizer
- Simple Pattern Split Tokenizer
- Standard Tokenizer
- Thai Tokenizer
- UAX URL Email Tokenizer
- Whitespace Tokenizer
- Token filter reference
- Apostrophe
- ASCII folding
- CJK bigram
- CJK width
- Classic
- Common grams
- Conditional
- Decimal digit
- Delimited payload
- Dictionary decompounder
- Edge n-gram
- Elision
- Fingerprint
- Flatten graph
- Hunspell
- Hyphenation decompounder
- Keep types
- Keep words
- Keyword marker
- Keyword repeat
- KStem
- Length
- Limit token count
- Lowercase
- MinHash
- Multiplexer
- N-gram
- Normalization
- Pattern capture
- Pattern replace
- Phonetic
- Porter stem
- Predicate script
- Remove duplicates
- Reverse
- Shingle
- Snowball
- Stemmer
- Stemmer override
- Stop
- Synonym
- Synonym graph
- Trim
- Truncate
- Unique
- Uppercase
- Word delimiter
- Word delimiter graph
- Character filters reference
- Normalizers
- Index modules
- Ingest node
- Pipeline Definition
- Accessing Data in Pipelines
- Conditional Execution in Pipelines
- Handling Failures in Pipelines
- Enrich your data
- Processors
- Append Processor
- Bytes Processor
- Circle Processor
- Convert Processor
- CSV Processor
- Date Processor
- Date Index Name Processor
- Dissect Processor
- Dot Expander Processor
- Drop Processor
- Enrich Processor
- Fail Processor
- Foreach Processor
- GeoIP Processor
- Grok Processor
- Gsub Processor
- HTML Strip Processor
- Inference Processor
- Join Processor
- JSON Processor
- KV Processor
- Lowercase Processor
- Pipeline Processor
- Remove Processor
- Rename Processor
- Script Processor
- Set Processor
- Set Security User Processor
- Split Processor
- Sort Processor
- Trim Processor
- Uppercase Processor
- URL Decode Processor
- User Agent processor
- ILM: Manage the index lifecycle
- Monitor a cluster
- Frozen indices
- Roll up or transform your data
- Set up a cluster for high availability
- Snapshot and restore
- Secure a cluster
- Overview
- Configuring security
- User authentication
- Built-in users
- Internal users
- Token-based authentication services
- Realms
- Realm chains
- Active Directory user authentication
- File-based user authentication
- LDAP user authentication
- Native user authentication
- OpenID Connect authentication
- PKI user authentication
- SAML authentication
- Kerberos authentication
- Integrating with other authentication systems
- Enabling anonymous access
- Controlling the user cache
- Configuring SAML single-sign-on on the Elastic Stack
- Configuring single sign-on to the Elastic Stack using OpenID Connect
- User authorization
- Built-in roles
- Defining roles
- Security privileges
- Document level security
- Field level security
- Granting privileges for indices and aliases
- Mapping users and groups to roles
- Setting up field and document level security
- Submitting requests on behalf of other users
- Configuring authorization delegation
- Customizing roles and authorization
- Enabling audit logging
- Encrypting communications
- Restricting connections with IP filtering
- Cross cluster search, clients, and integrations
- Tutorial: Getting started with security
- Tutorial: Encrypting communications
- Troubleshooting
- Some settings are not returned via the nodes settings API
- Authorization exceptions
- Users command fails due to extra arguments
- Users are frequently locked out of Active Directory
- Certificate verification fails for curl on Mac
- SSLHandshakeException causes connections to fail
- Common SSL/TLS exceptions
- Common Kerberos exceptions
- Common SAML issues
- Internal Server Error in Kibana
- Setup-passwords command fails due to connection failure
- Failures due to relocation of the configuration files
- Limitations
- Alerting on cluster and index events
- Command line tools
- How To
- Glossary of terms
- REST APIs
- API conventions
- cat APIs
- cat aliases
- cat allocation
- cat anomaly detectors
- cat count
- cat data frame analytics
- cat datafeeds
- cat fielddata
- cat health
- cat indices
- cat master
- cat nodeattrs
- cat nodes
- cat pending tasks
- cat plugins
- cat recovery
- cat repositories
- cat shards
- cat segments
- cat snapshots
- cat task management
- cat templates
- cat thread pool
- cat trained model
- cat transforms
- Cluster APIs
- Cluster allocation explain
- Cluster get settings
- Cluster health
- Cluster reroute
- Cluster state
- Cluster stats
- Cluster update settings
- Nodes feature usage
- Nodes hot threads
- Nodes info
- Nodes reload secure settings
- Nodes stats
- Pending cluster tasks
- Remote cluster info
- Task management
- Voting configuration exclusions
- Cross-cluster replication APIs
- Document APIs
- Enrich APIs
- Explore API
- Index APIs
- Add index alias
- Analyze
- Clear cache
- Clone index
- Close index
- Create index
- Delete index
- Delete index alias
- Delete index template
- Flush
- Force merge
- Freeze index
- Get field mapping
- Get index
- Get index alias
- Get index settings
- Get index template
- Get mapping
- Index alias exists
- Index exists
- Index recovery
- Index segments
- Index shard stores
- Index stats
- Index template exists
- Open index
- Put index template
- Put mapping
- Refresh
- Rollover index
- Shrink index
- Split index
- Synced flush
- Type exists
- Unfreeze index
- Update index alias
- Update index settings
- Index lifecycle management API
- Ingest APIs
- Info API
- Licensing APIs
- Machine learning anomaly detection APIs
- Add events to calendar
- Add jobs to calendar
- Close jobs
- Create jobs
- Create calendar
- Create datafeeds
- Create filter
- Delete calendar
- Delete datafeeds
- Delete events from calendar
- Delete filter
- Delete forecast
- Delete jobs
- Delete jobs from calendar
- Delete model snapshots
- Delete expired data
- Estimate model memory
- Find file structure
- Flush jobs
- Forecast jobs
- Get buckets
- Get calendars
- Get categories
- Get datafeeds
- Get datafeed statistics
- Get influencers
- Get jobs
- Get job statistics
- Get machine learning info
- Get model snapshots
- Get overall buckets
- Get scheduled events
- Get filters
- Get records
- Open jobs
- Post data to jobs
- Preview datafeeds
- Revert model snapshots
- Set upgrade mode
- Start datafeeds
- Stop datafeeds
- Update datafeeds
- Update filter
- Update jobs
- Update model snapshots
- Machine learning data frame analytics APIs
- Create data frame analytics jobs
- Create inference trained model
- Delete data frame analytics jobs
- Delete inference trained model
- Evaluate data frame analytics
- Explain data frame analytics API
- Get data frame analytics jobs
- Get data frame analytics jobs stats
- Get inference trained model
- Get inference trained model stats
- Start data frame analytics jobs
- Stop data frame analytics jobs
- Migration APIs
- Reload search analyzers
- Rollup APIs
- Search APIs
- Security APIs
- Authenticate
- Change passwords
- Clear cache
- Clear roles cache
- Create API keys
- Create or update application privileges
- Create or update role mappings
- Create or update roles
- Create or update users
- Delegate PKI authentication
- Delete application privileges
- Delete role mappings
- Delete roles
- Delete users
- Disable users
- Enable users
- Get API key information
- Get application privileges
- Get builtin privileges
- Get role mappings
- Get roles
- Get token
- Get users
- Has privileges
- Invalidate API key
- Invalidate token
- OpenID Connect Prepare Authentication API
- OpenID Connect authenticate API
- OpenID Connect logout API
- SAML prepare authentication API
- SAML authenticate API
- SAML logout API
- SAML invalidate API
- SSL certificate
- Snapshot and restore APIs
- Snapshot lifecycle management API
- Transform APIs
- Usage API
- Watcher APIs
- Definitions
- Breaking changes
- Release notes
- Elasticsearch version 7.7.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.7.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.6.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.6.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.6.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.5.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.5.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.5.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.4.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.4.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.4.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.3.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.3.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.3.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.2.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.2.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.1.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.1.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-rc2
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-rc1
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-beta1
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-alpha2
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-alpha1